Russia and Ukraine: Three Years On – A Conflict Without Resolution

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine three years ago is still regarded as one of the largest and most destabilising wars in contemporary history. What many thought would be a brief battle has turned into a protracted conflict that has altered worldwide security organisations, economies, and alliances.

By sustaining its resistance, regaining lost territory, and strengthening its sense of national identity with ongoing financial and military support from the West, Ukraine has confounded early projections.However, the country faces a number of challenges, like as economic strain, fatigue from fighting, and an unclear future as aid commitments wane. Although Ukraine's perseverance is commendable, its dependence on Western assistance calls into doubt its long-term sustainability. If friends begin prioritising domestic issues above global ones, Ukraine would find it challenging to sustain its defences.

Russia has modified its military approach in spite of early failures and significant losses. It has increased its defence industry, strengthened its hold on occupied territory, and fared better than anticipated in enduring international sanctions. This calls into question how successful economic pressure is as a deterrent. Putin's hold on power has been strengthened by domestic crackdowns, which have also reduced internal resistance to the war. Despite international censure, Putin's administration appears to be far from diminished, as evidenced by the lack of strong internal opposition in Russia.

On the international front, the war has exacerbated divides between the West and countries that are reluctant to choose a side, caused energy shortages, and changed defence strategies. Both parties are still firmly committed to their viewpoints, therefore diplomatic attempts to bring about peace are at a standstill. While some contend that extended Western military assistance without a defined end goal runs the risk of intensifying the conflict, others think that engaging in negotiations with Russia would incentivise violence.

After three years, there is still no obvious conclusion to the war. Russia continues to pursue its imperial aspirations as Ukraine struggles for existence. The world must prepare for ongoing instability in the region unless there is a significant breakthrough or a negotiated settlement. The war may continue indefinitely with disastrous results for all parties if world leaders are unable to establish a clear course of action, whether it be through increased backing for Ukraine or a determined effort to find diplomatic solutions.